Thursday, August 13, 2015

Google's New CEO, Sundar Pichai


sundar pinchai

Google just announced some huge changes to its executive structure.

Larry Page will run a completely new company called Alphabet, a collection of Google companies including Life Sciences, which manufactures glucose-sensing contact lenses, and Calico, which focuses on longevity. Sergey Brin will serve as Alphabet's President. 
Former Chrome and Android head Sundar Pichai will be Google's CEO.

Many are still unfamiliar with Google's new chief executive, who first joined Google in 2004 and eventually worked his way up to be Page's right-hand man.

Originally from Tamil Nadu, one of India's 29 states, Pichai studied at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, where he received a Bachelor of Technology.

He then received a M.S. from Stanford and obtained an MBA from Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. At Wharton, Pichai was honored as a Siebel Scholar and a Palmer Scholar.

Before his first job at Google, Pichai worked at Applied Materials as an engineer and then at McKinsey & Company in management consulting.

Sundar Pichai was put in charge of Android in 2013. 

In 2004, Pichai joined Google as its vice president of product management, where he led the team working on Google's Chrome browser and operating system.

Pichai quickly began to receive more responsibility, however, taking on involvement with various Google search products including Firefox, Google Toolbar, Desktop Search, Gadgets, and Google Gears and Gadgets.

In September 2008, Pichai oversaw the successful launch of the Chrome web browser, and less than a year later, the web-based Chrome operating system for netbooks and desktop computers.

Pichai added another Google division to his portfolio in 2012 after Google Apps head Dave Girouard departed to start his own company, Upstart.

A year later, Pichai was put in charge of Android after Android co-founder and CEO Andy Rubin stepped down in March 2013.

Throughout his time at Google, Pichai has developed a sterling reputation for being well-liked, leading Recode's Kara Swisher to call his recent promotion "a definitive case of nice guys finish first."

Former Google product manager Chris Beckmann spoke highly of Pichai in a recent Quora post, praising Pichai's ability to helm difficult projects while building a strong team.

"He recruited, mentored, and retained a great team," said Beckmann. "Sundar's team of product managers had a reputation as being among the best of the best, similar to the reputation of the software engineers within Search Quality."

Beckmann also mentioned that Pichai "avoided making enemies" in the midst of Google's workplace politics and "navigated those politics to make his team successful while inflicting the least possible damage on any other team."

Pichai demonstrated his team devotion while working under Marissa Mayer, who then was a key executive at Google. According to The Information's Amir Efrati, Pichai "used to wait for hours outside her office to make sure that she gave his team solid work-performance scores."

In addition to his team management skills, Efrati notes that Pichai has also been known to throw his weight around when necessary. At his year's Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Pichai reportedly "told Samsung's mobile-products leader that Google was willing to 'walk away' from its enormous phone partnership with the company."

Pichai's impressive track record at Google caused him to be approached by Twitter to potentially lead Product at the social network, but Pichai ultimately declined. In addition to Twitter's interest, Pichai's name was also mentioned as a potential front-runner for the position of Microsoft CEO after Steve Ballmer announced his resignation in August 2013.
In October 2014, Google announced that Page would be stepping back to focus "on the bigger picture," according to Recode, and that Pichai would take on a larger role as a result.

Pichai took charge of Google's core products, including search, maps, research, Google+, Android, Chrome, infrastructure, commerce and ads, and Google Apps.


Source: http://www.techgig.com/tech-news/editors-pick

Wednesday, August 5, 2015

ఈ బ్యాటరీ.. ఓ గూఢచారి!

ఈ బ్యాటరీ.. ఓ గూఢచారి!

  • నెట్‌ ద్వారా మన వివరాలన్నీ బహిర్గతం
  • హెచ్‌టీఎంఎల్‌5లోని ఓ సాఫ్ట్‌వేర్‌తో ప్రమాదం
వాషింగ్టన్‌: ఫోన్‌ ఏదైనా.. ఎన్ని సాఫ్ట్‌వేర్‌లున్నా.. స్మార్ట్‌ఫోనైనా.. మామూలు ఫోనైనా.. పనిచేయాలంటే బ్యాటరీ ఉండాలి. దాని నుంచి శక్తి రావాలి. ఇప్పుడు స్మార్ట్‌ఫోన్ల బ్యాటరీలు శక్తినివ్వడమే కాదు గూఢచర్యమూ చేస్తాయి! మన చేతిలోనే మనకు తెలియకుండా ని‘గూఢ’ శత్రువులా ఉండి ఉండొచ్చు. నెట్‌ వాడేటపుడు.. ఫోన్లు చేసేటపుడు ప్రైవసీ కోసం ఎన్ని జాగ్రత్తలు తీసుకున్నా ఈ గూఢచారి బ్యాటరీ ముందు ఆ పప్పులేవీ ఉడకవని సైబర్‌ భద్రతా నిపుణులు హెచ్చరిస్తున్నారు. ఎన్ని ప్రైవసీలు పెట్టుకున్నా స్మార్ట్‌ఫోన్‌ వాడే వ్యక్తి వివరాలన్నీ ఆ బ్యాటరీ ద్వారా తెలిసిపోతాయట. హెచ్‌టీఎంఎల్‌5 లోని ఓ సాఫ్ట్‌వేర్‌తో ఇలా బ్యాటరీ ద్వారా వివరాలు తెలిసిపోతాయి. వెబ్‌లోని కొన్ని సైట్లను తెలుసుకునేందుకు ఉపయోగపడే ఆ సాఫ్ట్‌వేర్‌.. వినియోగదారుడి ఫోన్లో ఉన్న బ్యాటరీ నిడివి గురించి పలు వెబ్‌సైట్లకు సమాచారం ఇస్తుంది. తద్వారా లో బ్యాటరీ ఉన్నప్పుడు దానిని పరిరక్షించేందుకు ఆయా వెబ్‌సైట్లు ఉపకరిస్తాయి. అయితే ఉపకారం మాటెలా ఉన్నా.. ఆ సమాచారంతోనే వినియోగదారులు నెట్‌ వాడుతున్నప్పుడు ఫోన్‌ వివరాలు, వినియోగదారుడి వివరాలను గుట్టుచప్పుడు కాకుండా ట్రాక్‌ చేసేస్తారు. ఇంటర్నెట్‌ వాడే ఓ వినియోగదారుడి వివరాలను తెలుసుకునేందుకు సాధారణంగా వీపీఎన్‌, ప్రైవేట్‌ బ్రౌజింగ్‌లు చాలు. అయితే ఇప్పు డు దానికి అదనంగా బ్యాటరీ సాఫ్ట్‌వేర్‌లోని లోపాలు తోడయ్యాయి. ‘ద లీకింగ్‌ బ్యాటరీ: ఎ ప్రైవసీ అనాలసిస్‌ ఆఫ్‌ ద హెచ్‌టీఎంఎల్‌5 బ్యాటరీ స్టేటస్‌ ఏపీఐ’ అనే అధ్యయనం ద్వారా పరిశోధకులు ఈ విషయాలు వెల్లడించారు. బ్యాటరీ సమాచారాన్ని వెబ్‌సైట్లు తెలుసుకునేముందు వినియోగదారులకు ఆ సమాచారం కనీసం తెలియదని చెప్పారు. కాబట్టి బ్యాటరీ సాఫ్ట్‌వేర్‌ స్టేటస్‌ ఎలా ఉపయోగపడుతుందన్న సమాచారాన్ని వినియోగదారులకు ఇస్తే బాగుంటుందని సూచిస్తున్నారు.

Source: ABN Andhrajyothi

Introduction to 5G Technology

Even as 4G mobile telecommunication standards slowly gain in popularity, there is already talk of the fifth-generation or 5G standards that will further enhance communications on the move.

Dr J.D. Jain

   
5G mobile telecommunication standards stand for  fifth-generation advancements made in the mobile communications field. These comprise packet switched wireless systems using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with wide area coverage, high throughput at millimetre waves (10 mm to 1 mm) covering a frequency range of 30 GHz to 300 GHz, and enabling a 20 Mbps data rate to distances up to 2 km. The millimetre-wave band is the most effective solution to the recent surge in wireless Internet usage. These specifications are capable of providing ‘wireless world wide web’ (WWWW) applications.

The WWWW allows a highly flexible network (flexible channel bandwidth between 5 and 20 MHz, optimally up to 40 MHz), and dynamic ad-hoc wireless network (DAWN). This technique employs intelligent antennae (e.g., switched beam antennae and adaptive array antennae) and the flexible modulation method, which helps in obtaining bidirectional high bandwidth, i.e., transfer of a large volume of broadcasting data in giga bytes, sustaining more than 60,000 connections and providing 25 Mbps connectivity.

Users of 5G technology can download an entire film to their tablets or laptops, including 3D movies; they can download games and avail of remote medical services. With the advent of 5G, Piconet and Bluetooth technologies will become outdated. The 5G mobile phones would be akin to tablet PCs, where you could watch TV channels at HD clarity without any interruption.

Key concepts in 
5G technology
Future mobile devices equipped with 5G technology will have:

  1. Wearable devices with artificial intelligence (AI)
  2. Internet Protocol version 6 where the IP address is assigned according to location and the connected network.
  3. The ability to connect the user to different wireless access technologies, like 2.5G, 3G, 4G or 5G mobile networks, as well as Wi-Fi and WPAN (wireless personal area network)—or even any other technology to be developed in the future. This is basically a concurrent data transfer path technique.
  4. Smart radio. In order to share the same spectrum efficiently during a wireless transmission scheme, the system will adaptively find (search) unused spectrum. This dynamic radio resource management will be achieved in a distributed fashion and rely on software defined transmission.
  5. High altitude stratospheric platform station (HAPS) system. This is based on beam division multiple access (BDMA) and group relay techniques.
5G hardware
Ultra wideband networks (UWB). It is already known that Wi-Fi, Wi-Max and cellular wide area communications are long-range radio technologies. But systems like WPAN need short-range radio technology, which helps in achieving higher bandwidths (around 4000 Mbps) but at low energy levels (UWB network) for relaying data from host devices to devices in the immediate vicinity, i.e., distances of around 10 metres or so. This higher bandwidth (4000 Mbps) level is almost 400 times faster than today’s wireless networks. Each network will be responsible for handling user-mobility while the user terminal will make the final choice among different wireless/mobile access network providers for a given service. However, there should be different radio interfaces for each radio access technology (RAT) in the mobile terminal.

Smart antennae. These include the following:
  1. Switched beam antennae. This type of antenna supports radio positioning via angle of arrival (AOA). Information is collected from nearby devices.
  2. Adaptive array antennae (Samsung has used 64 antennae elements). Such antennae promise to improve the capacity of wireless systems by providing improved safety through position-location capabilities. This technique rejects interference through spatial-altering-position location through direction-ending measurements and developing improved channel models through angle-of-arrival channel sounding measurement.
  3. CDMA (code division multiple access) technique. This technique converts audio analogue input signals into digital signals (ADC) in combination with spread spectrum technology. The signal is transmitted using modulation according to some predefined code (pattern), and is demodulated using the same pattern since there can be billions of code patterns which can provide privacy and sufficient security.
5G software
  1. 5G will be a single unified IP standard of different wireless networks and a seamless combination of broadband, including wireless technologies, such as IEEE802.11, LAN, WAN, PAN and WWWW.
  2. 5G will enable software-defined radio, packet layers, implementation of packets, encryption flexibility, etc. 
Chronological evolution of mobile technologies
Although the 1G system (NMT) was introduced in 1981, 2G (GSM) started to come out in 1982, and 3G (W-CDMA)/FOMA first appeared in 2001, the complete development of these standards (e.g., IMT-2000 and UMTS) took almost 10 years. It is still unclear how much time it will take to launch the standards for 5G.

5G technology will ensure the convergence of networks, technologies, applications and services, and can serve as a flexible platform. Wireless carriers will have an opportunity to shorten their return-on-investment periods, improve operating efficiency and increase revenues. In short, this will change people’s lives in numerous ways.

The author is director R&D at Global Institute of Technology, Sitapura, Jaipur




Source: http://electronicsforu.com/electronicsforu/circuitarchives/